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The crime bill, a.k.a. the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994, authorizes about $30.2 billion in federal spending over the next six years. Signed by President Clinton on September 13, 1994, P.L. 103-322 is, when it comes to spending that money to fight crime, merely a complicated congressional and presidential promise to pass laws in the future. Congress and the president maintained that the first year's crime-fighting costs would total almost $2.5 billion, but only three weeks later, Congress had adjourned. It had appropriated $2.107 billion for FY 1995, mostly for four programs. Ironically, this figure was at least $384 million short of the amount the law states that Congress would spend this year for state and local government programs. Given all of the rhetoric about "pork" in the crime bill, many programs may never be funded at their full level, especially considering that there will be two more election cycles before these authorizations expire. The 104th Congress, which takes office in January 1995, may consider a supplemental appropriation bill for FY95 to fund some of the $384 million not yet appropriated; after all, almost every candidate for Congress this year has pledged to do more to fight crime than J. Edgar Hoover ever dreamed of doing. But, then again, it may not consider a supplemental appropriations bill.

What Is the Story?

Over the next six years, the crime bill could make available $20 to $25 billion for local government programs for police, county jails, and anticrime initiatives -- targeted at protecting children, women, and the elderly -- from inner cities to rural areas. Many of these programs, which would fund local anticrime programs, were derided loudly as pork in the climactic debate on this bill from August 22 through 25, 1994. Whether these initiatives end up being regarded as pork or truly help fight crime will depend on the communities and local government officials implementing them.

There are a number of catches to this federal assistance, of course, the principal one being that most programs will require matching funds that many local governments will find hard to obtain. The Criminal Justice Policy Foundation will be working with other crime prevention advocates this year to stimulate awareness among private sector funders about effective crime prevention programs. The foundation hopes that this awareness will generate funds for some of the matching requirements. In fact, many foundations are interested in the various crime prevention initiatives that are possible under this law.

This article summarizes the crime bill provisions that may provide funding of interest to local governments. It does not describe the new crimes, new procedures, or provisions such as the assault weapons ban. Federal contacts for the various programs are listed in a box on page 11.

Attention, Local Officials

To take full advantage of this bill, local officials need to do four things. First, establish a local blue-ribbon committee on crime prevention and the criminal justice system. Or charge an existing committee with examining the community's needs, responses to the crime problem, and applications of the multifaceted programs of the crime bill to this jurisdiction. Many programs in the crime bill rightly require a comprehensive plan and proof that state officials have worked closely with local officials in developing such plans. The many programs in the bill offer local governments great discretion in choosing anticrime programs. Do the research; each choice will have long-term consequences.

Second, contact state officials who will be applying for these program funds, and let them know of the community's need for these funds and its willingness to work with the state to get funded.

Third, maintain contact with Congress to ensure that it funds the programs that will be valuable to the community. Stay in close touch with ICMA and other public interest groups. To implement real programs that real communities can use, this year Congress must pass FY96 appropriations laws for the authorized $4.2482 billion. And it must do the same every year through the end of the century.

Many of the programs are not authorized to start until after October 1, 1995. Therefore, as a fourth step, let members of Congress know that the locality needs them to help keep it informed of program announcements. Review the Federal Register for regulations governing these programs, including timetables for applications. The Justice Department maintains an 800-number hotline (1-800/421-6770) for crime bill inquiries that is the best information source on these programs. Ask to be put on any mailing lists about anticrime projects.

The Justice Department has been moving rapidly toward implementing its programs in the crime bill. Many other agencies, however, are still at preliminary stages in planning how they will implement crime bill programs that will not start until October 1995 at the earliest and that have not yet been funded. The points of contact identified in this article are, in some cases, program administrators who may not be involved in distributing the funds. New points of contact are almost certain to be designated later.

Overview of the Bill's Programs

Community Policing, Cops on the Beat: Title I. This program represents the largest component of the crime bill, accounting for $8.8 billion between FY 1995 and 2000. The funds are authorized to be available until spent. This is the only significant new provision in the crime bill that actually receives funding this year: $1.3 billion has been appropriated for FY 1995. The program is administered by the Justice Department.

In early October 1994, $200 million began to be distributed to states and local governments to pay for 2,500 officers. The administration hopes to fund 20,000 additional officers per year.

The statute requires applications from states, units of local government, tribal governments, public and private entities, and multijurisdictional or regional consortia. Required is at least a 25 percent match by the applicant, unless this provision has been waived by the attorney general. The federal share is supposed to be reduced each year for up to five years.

Prisons: Title II. The largest portion of the prison money authorizes $7.9 billion between FY 1995 and 2000 in grants to states or multistate compacts to provide for facilities (including boot camps and "alternative correctional facilities") that free conventional prison space for the confinement of violent offenders. Though $175 million is authorized for FY 1995, only $24.5 million has been appropriated for this fiscal year, and this appropriation is restricted to boot camps. The Criminal Justice Policy Foundation estimates that several hundred county detention facilities are overcrowded because of an overflow or backlog caused by overcrowding in state correctional systems. By relieving prison population, this program may reduce the same problem in jails.

In studying their crime problems, local governments should analyze their correctional needs as well as the functions of their crime prevention programs and criminal justice system. In the long run, it may be both more effective and less expensive to look to better management of correctional resources to achieve space for violent offenders than simply to build more institutions. Over the life of a prison, the construction cost of that prison has been estimated by the Federal Bureau of Prisons to be only 5 percent of the total cost to taxpayers of the operation of the institution.

Under Title II, Violent Offender Grants are divided into several categories. The bulk of the funds -- 85 percent of the total -- are formula grants. Each state starts with 0.25 percent of the total amount available, and each territory with 0.05 percent. The remainder is to be allocated based on the state's ratio of violent crimes to the national number of violent crimes. The remainder -- 15 percent of the total -- are discretionary grants reserved to the discretion of the attorney general, together with amounts not allocated to the states under the formula grants. Discretionary grants are awarded to states demonstrating the greatest need and the best ability to use the funds to meet the objective of ensuring that prison cell space is available for confining violent offenders.

Young Offenders. Prison funds also include $150 million for young offenders, to be awarded between FY96 and FY00. The program starts in FY 1996, with $30 million authorized, the funds to be made available to states and local governments. A local government applies through a state office and needs state approval. If not disapproved by the state after 45 days, an application is deemed approved.

The purpose is to develop alternatives to traditional forms of incarceration and punishment for young offenders. A "young offender" is a nonviolent first-time offender or a nonviolent offender with a minor criminal record who is 22 years old or younger (including juveniles).

Alternative punishments should ensure certain punishment, promote reduced recidivism, assist victims, and create accountability. Programs can include restitution, job training, education, weekend incarceration, electronic monitoring, work-service, substance abuse, and gang-related initiatives. In awarding grants, the attorney general will decide whether state law or policy punishes juveniles who possess a firearm or weapon on school property (or who are convicted of a crime involving the use of a firearm or weapon on school property) by suspension from school for a "reasonable" time or by loss of driving-license privileges for a reasonable time.

Alien Incarceration. States and units of local government can request the attorney general to provide compensation to the state or local government for incarceration of "undocumented criminal aliens." $130 million has been appropriated for this purpose for FY 1995; the full amount has been authorized. A total of $1.8 billion is authorized between FY95 and FY00.

Other prison provisions include the following:

The National Institute on Corrections will establish a Task Force on Prison Con struction to disseminate information on standardized plans and construction techniques for cost-cutting construction methods, materials, and technologies. Local officials with expertise will serve on the task force.

Local chiefs of police must be notified by federal authorities when federal prisoners convicted of drug trafficking or violent crimes are released to reside in the chiefs' jurisdictions.

Local consultation and participation are required in the operation of the new Of fice of Correctional Job Training and Placement in the U.S. Justice Department. Crime Prevention: Title III. This is one of the most important provisions of the crime bill for local governments. Local governments can seek funds for at least 15 kinds of programs from a wide variety of federal departments: Justice, Housing and Urban Development, Health and Human Services, Education, Interior, and Treasury.

Only four of these programs are funded for this fiscal year, for a total of $47.5 million. The largest programs are not yet funded at all and were attacked most loudly as pork in the debate on the bill.

Ounce of Prevention Council. This coordinating mechanism, called by the president the "President's Prevention Council," also has been authorized to make grants totaling $90 million between FY 1995 and 2000, generally at about $18 million per year. For this year, the appropriation of $1.5 million is likely to be used only for administration. Local governments, tribal governments, school boards, colleges and universities, private nonprofit entities, and consortia of such groups can apply for grants for summer and after-school education and recreation, mentoring, employment promotion, and prevention of substance abuse, child abuse, and adolescent pregnancy.

Local Crime Prevention Block Grants. With $377 million authorized between FY96 and FY00, the program begins in FY96 authorized at $76 million per year, to be administered by the attorney general. Local governments can spend the funds on any of 14 broad areas targeted for preventing crime:

(A) (C) (G) Programs to prevent juvenile violence, juvenile gangs, and the use and sale of illegal drugs by juveniles. (B) Programs to prevent crimes against the elderly. (D) Jobs programs for disadvantaged young adults aged 16 through 25 years of age. (E) Midnight sports leagues that require each player to attend employment coun seling, job training, and classes provided by the program. (F) Olympic Youth Development Centers. (H) Youth anticrime councils. (I) Boys and Girls Clubs in public housing. (J) Supervised visitation centers for children who have been removed from their parents because they have been abused, who are at risk from domestic vio lence, or who have parents who are impaired by substance abuse or mental illness. (K) Family Outreach Teams. (L) Corridors of safety for senior citizens. (M) Teams of law enforcement and child or family services professionals to respond to violence outbreaks in which a child is a witness, victim, or perpetrator. (N) Dwellings offered to police officers at no or low cost in high-crime areas.

Model Intensive Grant Program ("Schumer grants"). The sum of $625.5 million is authorized for FY96 to FY00, while $100 million is authorized for FY96. The attorney general may designate up to 15 chronic high-intensive crime areas to develop "comprehensive model crime-prevention programs." Priority will be given to innovative approaches. Funds must be given equitably on a geographic basis, including urban and rural areas of varying population and geographic size. Eligible grantees are chief local elected officials.

Community Schools Youth Services and Supervision Grants. This program is au thorized and appropriated at $26 million in FY 1995 and is authorized for a total of $467 million between FY95 and FY00. It will be administered by the Department of Health and Human Services in consultation with the Justice Department. Eligible applicants are "community-based organizations," and funds may be used for sports programs and for extracurricular and academic programs taking place after school, on weekends and holidays, and during the summer. Programs can involve traditional education, workforce preparation, entrepreneurship, cultural education, health programs, social activities, arts and crafts, dance, and tutorial and mentoring programs.

Family and Community Endeavor Schools Grants. This program is authorized and appropriated at $11 million in FY95; it is authorized at $243 million total for FY95 through FY00, and will be administered by the Department of Education. The minimum grant is $250,000 per year. Eligible applicants are "local educational agencies" or "community-based organizations," with priority given to entities that demonstrate "the greatest effort in generating local support for the programs." The purpose is to "improve academic and social development ... for at-risk students" in communities with significant poverty and significant violent crime.

Assistance for Delinquent and At-Risk Youth. A total of $36 million is authorized for FY96 through FY00, with $5.4 million authorized for FY96. This Justice Department program will provide grants to public agencies or private nonprofits to provide residential services to youths aged 11 to 19 who have dropped out of school, who have had "contact" with the juvenile justice system, or who are at risk of such problems.

Police Recruitment. A total of $24 million is authorized for FY96 through FY00, with $2 million authorized for FY96. Another Justice Department program, this initiative provides grants to nonprofit community organizations for programs to recruit and retain applicants to police departments from underrepresented neighborhoods.

Local Partnership Act (LPA). This program is especially important to local governments because they do not have to apply for the funds. If Congress funds this program, "they will come." A total of $1.62 billion is authorized from FY96 through FY00; $270 million is authorized for FY96. LPA will be administered by the Department of Housing and Urban Development.

Funds will be allocated to states and, within states, to local governments based on a complex formula that involves relative population, the "tax effort" (the ratio of the net amount of taxes collected to total income of individuals), the per capita income of the jurisdiction, and the rate of labor force unemployment.

Funds can be used for any of 19 specified programs or for other activities that are consistent with the purposes of the act:

Drug Abuse Resistance Education;
National Youth Sports Program;
Gang Resistance Education and Training;
Job Training Partnership Act;
National and Community Service Act;
School-to-Work Opportunities Act;
Substance Abuse Treatment under the Public Health Act;
Head Start Act;
Elementary and Secondary Education Act;
TRIO programs under the Higher Education Act;
National Literacy Act;
Perkins Vocational Educational and Applied Technology Education Act;
Human Resources Reauthorization Act of 1994;
The runaway and homeless youth program of the Juvenile Justice and Delin quency Prevention Act;
Family support under the McKinney Homeless Assistance Act;
After-school activities of the Child Care and Development Block Grant Act;
Family resource programs under the Human Services Reauthorization Act of 1994;
Family violence programs under the Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act;
and Job training programs administered by the Departments of Agriculture, Defense, and HUD.

Community Economic Partnership Investment Funds. An amount of $162 million is authorized between FY96 and FY99, and $27 million is authorized for FY96. The program, which is to be administered by the Department of Health and Human Services, provides community development corporations with nonrefundable lines of credit for establishing or expanding revolving loan funds to be used to finance projects providing business and employment opportunities for low-income, unemployed, or underemployed persons.

Emerging Community Development Corporations. Between FY96 and FY99, $108 million is authorized, while $18 million is authorized for FY96. This Health and Human Services project is designed to strengthen community development corporations (CDCs).

Urban Recreation and At-Risk Youth. A total of $4.5 million is authorized for between FY96 and FY00 for an urban parks program in areas with high rates of crime. Funds can be used to improve the security of urban parks through such measures as lighting and emergency telephones. For FY96, $2.7 million is authorized for this National Park Service effort.

Residential Substance Abuse Treatment for State Prisoners. Authorized for FY96 through FY00 is $270 million, starting at $27 million in FY96. This Justice Department program allows states to apply on behalf of state and local governments. Local governments can qualify if their detention facilities are holding inmates for sufficiently long periods that residential drug abuse treatment can be effective. Urinalysis of prisoners is required. Preference is given to programs that continue the substance abuse treatment after a prisoner has been released.

Tuberculosis Prevention, Diagnosis, and Treatment in Correctional Institutions. A sum of $5 million is authorized between FY96 and FY00, beginning with $700,000 in FY96. State, local, and tribal correctional authorities and public health authorities are eligible for this Justice Department program, which requires a 50 percent match.

Gang Resistance Education and Training. With $45 million authorized for between FY95 and FY00, this program is authorized and appropriated at $9 million in FY95. The Treasury Department will establish at least 50 new Gang Resistance Education and Training (GREAT) projects in communities on the basis of gang-related activity. Training will be administered by the Treasury Department and the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms. At this point, it is unclear how additional communities will be designated.

Violence Against Women: Title IV. This title includes numerous funding programs designed to prevent crime, some of which are funded for FY 1995.

Grants to Combat Violent Crime Against Women. For FY95, $26 million has been authorized and appropriated for this program, with a total of $800 million authorized through FY00. States can apply on behalf of local governments, private nonprofit victim services programs, and tribal governments. This Justice Department program, which is oriented toward enforcement, attaches two important conditions to these grants. To qualify, a jurisdiction must pay "the full out-of-pocket cost of forensic medical exams" for victims of sexual assault. Second, the jurisdiction may not require that an abused victim "bear any costs associated with the filing of criminal charges against the domestic violence offender" or any costs associated with the service of a warrant, protection order, or witness subpoena.

Capital Improvements to Prevent Crime in Public Transportation. An amount of $10 million, without fiscal-year limitation, is authorized for state and local public agencies to improve the safety of existing or future public transportation.

Capital Improvements to Prevent Crime in Public Parks. A total of $15 million, again without fiscal-year limitation, is authorized for states to improve the safety of urban parks and recreation areas. The federal share is 70 percent of the project cost. The program is administered by the U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Priority will be given to urban parks with the highest rates of crime, particularly sexual assault.

Education and Prevention Grants to Reduce Sexual Assaults Against Women (Rape Prevention Education). The authorization is for $205 million between FY96 and FY00, starting with $35 million in FY96, for this program administered by the Department of Health and Human Services. States are the grantees. Funds are to be used for rape prevention and education programs conducted by rape crisis centers, for hotlines, and for training and materials. At least 25 percent of the funds are to be devoted to secondary school students.

Victims of Child Abuse. This program authorizes $50 million between FY96 and FY00. It starts at $7 million in FY96, to provide counselors, special victim advocates, training for judicial personnel, and assistance in videotaping the testimony of victims.

Education and Prevention Grants to Reduce Sexual Abuse of Runaway, Homeless, and Street Youth. Authorized is $30 million for FY96 through FY98, starting with $7 million in FY96. Department of Health and Human Services grants go to private nonprofit agencies for street-based outreach, treatment, counseling, and refferals for runaway, homeless, or street youths who have been or are at risk of being sexually abused.

Grants to Encourage Arrest Policies. Between FY96 and FY98, $120 million is au thorized, with $28 million to start in FY96. This Justice Department program encourages states, tribal governments, and units of local government to change arrest policies in domestic violence cases. Grants are available if the police policy is mandatory arrest (or proarrest programs and policies) for protection-order violations or for arrest of domestic violence offenders. Funds also can be used to train police, improve case tracking, coordinate enforcement, prosecute and adjudicate domestic violence cases, and educate judges.

Shelter Grants. Between FY96 and FY00, $325 million is authorized for battered women's shelters under the Family Violence Prevention and Services Act, starting with $50 million in FY96. The initiative is administered by the Department of Health and Human Services.

Youth Education and Domestic Violence. For FY96, $400,000 is authorized to go to Health and Human Services for unspecified grants for the development of four model programs to educate young people about domestic violence. Each program will address a different audience: students in primary school, middle school, secondary school, or institutions of higher education.

Community Programs on Domestic Violence. Authorized are $4 million in FY96 and $6 million in FY97. Grants are for private nonprofits organized to coordinate community projects to intervene and prevent domestic violence.

Rural Domestic Violence and Child Abuse Enforcement. With $30 million authorized from FY96 to FY98, starting with $7 million in FY96, this Department of Justice program is targeted at states, local governments, tribal governments, and other public and private agencies in rural states. It is designed to establish cooperation among law enforcement personnel, prosecutors, victim advocacy groups, and related groups to investigate and prosecute incidents of domestic violence and child abuse, to provide treatment and counseling to victims, and to develop prevention strategies.

Training Judges and Court Personnel. Authorized is $600,000 in FY96 to the State Justice Institute, which will award grants to develop materials for training judges and court personnel in the law on rape, sexual assault, domestic violence, and related crimes. Contact the State Justice Institute at 703/684-6100.

National Stalker and Domestic Violence Reduction. A total of $6 million is authorized for FY96 through FY98, starting with $1.5 million in FY96. Justice Department grants go to states and local governments to improve data processing so that state and local information can be sent to the National Crime Information Center, run by the FBI. Data include convictions, arrests, and warrants for violating protective orders, domestic violence, and stalking.

Drug Courts: Title V. This is another significant program to help local governments to operate courts or run correctional programs. It will be administered by the Justice Department, with $1 billion authorized between FY95 and FY00, $100 million authorized for FY95, and $29 million appropriated for FY95. Federal funding is limited to 75 percent. This program aims to provide continuing judicial supervision of nonviolent offenders with drug problems for mandatory drug testing; intervention, probation, or supervised release; and offender management and aftercare. Violent offenders are prohibited from participating in the program, which is modeled on programs run by Judge Stanley Goldstein in Miami, Florida, and Judge Jeffrey Tauber in Oakland, California.

Rural Crime: Title XVIII. This provision amends the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 to authorize $240 million between FY96 and FY00 for rural anticrime programs. For FY96, $24 million is authorized for this Justice Department program.

Rural Crime and Drug Enforcement Task Forces. The attorney general -- in consultation with governors, mayors, and state and local enforcement agencies -- will set up rural crime and drug enforcement task forces in judicial districts that encompass "significant rural lands." Assets seized and forfeited under federal forfeiture laws may be used to "enhance the operations" of the task forces. Task force membership will include state and local law enforcement agencies, and officers of those departments may be deputized by the attorney general.

Rural Drug Enforcement Training. For FY96 through FY00, $1 million per fiscal year is authorized to develop specialized training for rural law enforcement officers to investigate drug trafficking. Rural law enforcement agencies with such expertise may contact Charles F. Rinkevich, Director, Federal Law Enforcement Training Center, Glynco, Georgia 31524, at 912/267-2224, about providing this training and these materials.

Police Corps and Law Enforcement Scholarships: Title XX.

Police Corps. For FY96 to FY00, $100 million is authorized, at $20 million per fiscal year. The attorney general may make grants to the states to provide scholarships to university students who agree to work in state or local police departments for four years following graduation. Up to $7,500 in scholarship assistance is awarded each academic year, with a $30,000 maximum per student. No more than 20,000 participants are permitted in each graduating class, and participants must attend two eight-week training programs during the summer.

Each police department that employs a police corps graduate will receive $10,000 per year per participant, if the size of the police department has not declined more than 2 percent since January 1993 and if no members have been laid off. Complex application requirements pertain.

Law Enforcement Scholarships. Again, $100 million is authorized for FY96 to FY00, at $20 million per fiscal year. The Justice Department allocates funds to the states on a formula basis, with 80 percent based on the relative numbers of law enforcement officers and 20 percent based on the relative shortage of law enforcement officers. The program provides scholarships to law enforcement personnel, including local law enforcement officers, for one year.

Miscellaneous Law Enforcement Grants: Title XXI.

Law Enforcement Family Support. A total of $25 million is authorized for FY96 through FY00, beginning with $2.5 million for FY96. The attorney general may make grants to state and local law enforcement agencies to provide family support services to the agencies. Activities required for support include counseling for law-enforcement family members, marital and adolescent support groups, 24-hour child care, and stress reduction programs. Optional activities include post-shooting debriefings for officers and their spouses, hypertension clinics, law enforcement family-crisis telephone services, counseling for personnel exposed to HIV, counseling for families of personnel killed in the line of duty, and seminars on alcohol, drug use, gambling, and overeating.

DNA Identification Grants. A quantity of $39 million is authorized for FY96 to FY00, with $1 million authorized in FY96. The attorney general may make grants to states and local governments to enable forensic laboratories to analyze DNA.

Improved Police Technical Automation. Authorized for FY96 through FY00 is $130 million, with $24 million authorized for FY96. The attorney general may make grants to state, local, and tribal governments to increase use of mobile digital terminals, improve communications and dispatch systems, improve ballistics identification programs, automate fingerprint identification systems, and improve computerization of criminal history records.

Increased State Court Resources. With $160 million authorized for FY96 through FY00 and $23 million authorized for FY96, the attorney general may make grants to state and local governments so that courts, prosecutors, public defenders, and other personnel can meet the demand for services created by the crime bill.

Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act. With $100 million authorized for FY95 and $25 million for both FY96 and FY97, this initiative aims to upgrade criminal history records so that complete background checks of handgun purchasers can be made in compliance with the Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act.

Funded Programs

Only the following programs currently are funded for FY95:

Community Policing: $1.3 billion. (Title I)

Violent Offender Incarceration: $24.5 million for boot camps to create space for violent offenders. (Title II)

Alien Criminal Incarceration: $130 million (state program). (Title II)

Ounce of Prevention Council: $1.5 million. (Title III)

Community Schools Youth Services and Supervision Grant Program: $26 million. (Title III)

Family and Community Endeavor Schools Grant Program: $11 million. (Title III)

Gang Resistance Education and Training: $9 million. (Title III)

Grants to Combat Violent Crimes Against Women: $26 million. (Title IV)

National Domestic Violence Hotline: $1 million (federal program). (Title IV)

Drug Courts: $29 million. (Title V)

Byrne Grant Program: $450 million. (Title XXI) (This is not a new program but a combination of various federal law-enforcement assistance programs.)

Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act: $100 million for upgrading criminal history records. (Title XXI) Not funded were $384 million in programs for state and local governments for FY95.

For FY96, $4.2482 billion is authorized for programs for state and local governments, as follows: for police and law enforcement, $2.2605 billion (including several violence-against-women law enforcement programs); for state and local prisons and jails, $1.070 billion; for prevention programs, $655.2 million; for violence-against-women provisions, $112.5 million; and for drug courts, $150 million. An extra $206.6 million is authorized for federal law enforcement agencies in addition to ongoing federal law enforcement programs. The crime bill's authorized total for FY96 is $4.4548 billion. With real limits on federal discretionary funding, no one can be certain that these programs will be appropriated fully.

Program Contact Information For programs administered by the Department of Justice, contact:

Office of Justice Programs
Response Center
633 Indiana Avenue, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20531
1-800/421-6770

For programs administered by the Department of Education, contact:

Department of Education
Bill Modjeleski
600 Independence Avenue, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20202
202/260-3954

For the Ounce of Prevention Council ("President's Prevention Council"), contact:

Vice President's Office
Kumiki Gibson
Old Executive Office Building
Washington, D.C. 20500
202/456-7022

For programs administered by the Department of Health and Human Services, contact the individual responsible for the program:

National Domestic Violence Hotline, Youth Education and Domestic Violence, and Grants for Battered Women's Shelters, Bill Riley, 202/401-5529

Grants to Reduce Sexual Abuse of Runaway, Homeless, and Street Youth, Linda Bowen, 202/205-8347

Grants to Reduce Sexual Assaults Against Women, Gary Hogelin, 404/488-5270

Community Programs on Domestic Violence, Denise Johnson, 404/488-4277

National Community Economy Partnership, Dan Williams or Joe Reid, 202/401-6944

Community Schools Youth Services, Linda Bowen or Terry Lewis, 202/205-8347

For programs administered by the Department of Housing and Urban Development, contact:

Mark Fabiani
Deputy Assistant Secretary for Community Planning and Development
451 Seventh Street, S.W.
Washington, D.C. 20410
202/401-8932

For information about the Gang Resistance program administered by the Department of the Treasury (not to apply for funding), contact:

Department of Treasury
Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms
GREAT Program
Frank Spizuoco
P.O. Box 50418
Washington, D.C. 20077-0091

For programs administered by the Department of the Interior, contact:

Department of the Interior
National Park Service
Mike Rogers
Division of Grants
P.O. Box 37127
Washington, D.C. 20013-7127
202/343-3700

For programs administered by the Department of Transportation, contact: